Cellular and Molecular Biology
- Structure of cells
- Functions of cells
- Prokaryotic cells
- Eukaryotic cells
- Cellular processes
- Virus
- Bacteria
- Enzymes
- Protein synthesis - transcription and translation
- DNA structure, function, replication
- Photosynthesis
- Cell respiration
Bio-chemistry
- Structures of biomolecules
- Functions of biomolecules
Physiology
- Structure of organs
- Functions of organs
- Structure of organ systems
- Functions of organ systems
- Characteristics of plant systems/subsystems
- Homeostasis - feedback mechanisms
Evolution
- Evidences of change in species
- Theory of biological evolution
- Results of natural selection
- Mechanisms of change
- Hardy- Weinberg principle
- Hardy-Weinberg equation
Taxonomy
- Classification of organisms
- Applications/limitations of taxonomy
- Characteristics of kingdoms
Genetics
- Cell division
- Asexual and sexual reproduction
- Embryonic fertilization
- Embryonic development
- Mendel's laws and principles; Punnet squares
- Chromosomes
- Genes
- Nucleic acids
- Pedigree diagram - prediction of phenotypes
- Identify karyotypes
- Analyze karyotypes
- Genetic engineering
Ecology
- Components of the ecosystem
- Energy flow in the ecosystem
- Biogeochemical cycles
- Bio-diversity
- Adaptations of plants/animals
- Interactions among organisms
- Impact of human activity on ecosystems
Investigation & Experimentation
- Scientific investigations and their role in testing
- Methods of scientific research
- Comparing theories
- Tools for investigation (computer-linked probes, spreadsheets, graphing calculators)
- Technology for investigation
- Conduction of experiments using scientific methods
- Hypothesis and theory
- Laboratory practices
- Laboratory safety rules
- History of biology
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